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The portal crane is a large-scale port loading and unloading equipment designed and manufactured based on international advanced design concepts, referencing FEM standards and complying with the national standard GB/T 17495. Featuring a compact structure and reliable performance, it possesses excellent wind resistance and operational stability, capable of meeting the high-intensity operation requirements in complex working conditions such as ports, shipyards, and docks.
1. The entire machine mainly consists of the portal frame and slewing bearing system, boom and luffing mechanism, hoisting mechanism, slewing and gantry traveling mechanisms, operator cabin, and electrical room.
Portal Frame Structure: As the foundational load-bearing component of the whole machine, it comprises the portal frame (portal legs and cross beams) and the slewing bearing device. The portal frame straddles ground passageways, while the slewing bearing is located at the top of the portal frame, supporting the upper rotating parts.
2. Boom and Luffing Mechanism: The boom is hinged to the turntable, and the working radius is altered through the luffing mechanism.
3. Hoisting Mechanism: It features an independent heavy-duty hoisting system, typically arranged inside the machinery house or at the root of the boom. The motor drives the drum through a reducer to reel in or let out the wire rope, thereby lifting or lowering the lifting gear (such as hooks, grabs, etc.). The system is equipped with normally closed brakes and overspeed protection devices, and supports variable frequency speed regulation, achieving precise lifting, lowering, and inching positioning of heavy loads to meet the hoisting demands of general cargo, bulk materials, and heavy equipment.
4. Slewing Mechanism: Through the meshing of a pinion and the large gear ring of the slewing bearing, it drives the upper structure (boom, machinery house, and operator cabin) to perform 360° full slewing operations, enabling all-round cargo handling.
5. Gantry Traveling Mechanism: It adopts a multi-motor individual drive configuration, consisting of multiple drive devices distributed at the bottom of the portal legs. These mechanisms operate synchronously to drive the entire machine to travel longitudinally along the ground tracks, expanding the operational coverage and enabling rapid relocation between different yards or ship holds.
Technical Parameters
Item | Parameter Range | Technical Remarks |
|---|---|---|
Rated Lifting Capacity | 10–100t | Supports main & auxiliary hook coordinated operation (ratio 4:1) |
Working Radius | 25–55m | Minimum radius 8m; lifting capacity at maximum radius: 15t |
Lifting Height | Above rail: 30m Below rail: 15m | Double-drum multi-layer winding, equipped with automatic anti-tangling rope deviation correction device |
Slewing Speed | 0.8–1.5r/min | Stepless variable frequency speed regulation, start/stop shock ≤ 0.4g |
Gantry Travel Speed | 25–45m/min | 8-wheel balanced trolley assembly, gradeability ≤ 2‰ |
Working Class | A8 (ISO4301 Standard) | Continuous operation cycle period ≤ 5 minutes |
Product Application
1. Coastal and Inland Ports: When used in conjunction with grabs, it completes the transfer of bulk cargo; when replaced with hooks or cargo nets, it can flexibly load and unload steel, equipment, bagged cargo, and other general cargo, meeting the operational requirements for multiple types of cargo.
2. Shipyards and Offshore Engineering: It undertakes tasks such as hoisting ship hull blocks, positioning main engines, and handling outfitting components.
3. Inland Multipurpose Docks: It is used for the loading, unloading, and handling of small containers, bulk cargo, and general cargo.
Product Operation Guide
1. Preparation and Inspection
Confirm that the gantry tracks are clear of debris and that the rail clamps have been released. After boarding, adjust the seat and rearview mirrors, then power on to check the voltage, air pressure, and lubrication system. Perform no-load tests on the four main mechanisms—hoisting, luffing, slewing, and traveling—to ensure the brakes are highly responsive.
2. Core Operating Techniques
Traveling: Due to the significant inertia of the gantry traveling mechanism, decelerate in advance to allow the machine to coast smoothly into position.
Combined Movements: The primary advantage of a portal crane lies in the coordination between slewing and luffing. During hoisting, utilize the centrifugal force generated by slewing to assist in stabilizing the hook. When luffing, maintain the horizontal level of the spreader (based on the horizontal lever arm principle) to prevent excessive vertical lifting of the cargo, which wastes energy.
Hook Stabilization: Use the starting and stopping of the slewing mechanism to eliminate the tangential swinging of the spreader.
3. Safety and Operational Experience
Diagonal pulling and hoisting are strictly prohibited. Utilize the "automatic lubrication" and "fault self-diagnosis" functions to reduce maintenance anxiety. Operate the control handles gently, especially for the slewing mechanism, to avoid sudden stops that could cause violent shaking of the boom.
Product Video
FAQ
1. The boom shakes severely and positioning is inaccurate during slewing operations. What is the cause?
Answer: This is usually caused by overly abrupt slewing braking or improper parameter settings of the frequency converter. It is recommended that the operator use a "jogging" method for micro-adjustments, utilizing inertia for alignment. At the same time, inspect the gear clearance of the slewing reducer, and confirm that the slewing limiters and brakes are functioning normally
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2. What are the special requirements for portal crane operations in windy weather?
Answer: Portal cranes are tall and have a large wind-receiving area, making wind resistance critical. During operations, closely monitor the anemometer; work must be stopped when the wind exceeds Force 6. In a non-working state or before a typhoon arrives, the crane must be moved to the anchoring pit, with windproof iron wedges and anchoring plates deployed, and rail clamps locked tightly to ensure a "deadlock" state.
3. The spreader height changes (does not follow a horizontal line) during luffing, affecting efficiency. Why?
Answer: The core design of a portal crane is "horizontal luffing." If the spreader rises and falls with the boom, it is usually due to deviations or wear in the balance system (such as wire ropes, pulley blocks, or counterweights). Please check whether the tension of the luffing wire ropes is consistent, or contact technical personnel to adjust the position of the balance beam.
4. Wheel flange gnawing or motor abnormal noise occurs during gantry traveling. What should be done?
Answer: Portal cranes have multiple legs and have extremely high requirements for track flatness. Wheel flange gnawing is usually caused by uneven wheel load or height differences at track joints. Please clean the track surface and check the wear condition of the wheel treads. If gnawing persists, a professional team is required to perform laser calibration to adjust the parallelism and span of the bogies.
5. What is the most easily overlooked maintenance point for portal cranes during daily maintenance?
Answer: The most easily overlooked points are the lubrication and bolt tightening of the slewing bearing (turntable). The slewing bearing bears enormous loads, so it must be regularly greased, and the torque of high-strength bolts must be checked periodically. In addition, the current collector of the cable reel (or conductor rail) needs frequent cleaning to prevent poor electrical contact.
